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Methods

In this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, 84 PCOS patients were randomly assigned into the treatment (90 µg Menaquinone‐7 daily for 8 weeks) and placebo groups. Insulin resistance, lipid profile, endocrine biomarkers, and body composition of the participants were measured before and after the intervention. This study was performed in Ghadir Mother & Child Hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Results

Menaquinone‐7 supplementation, when compared to placebo, significantly decreased serum fasting insulin (p = .002), homeostasis model of assessment insulin resistance (p = .002), and homeostasis model of assessment β‐cell function (p = .02) in addition to a significant increase in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (p = .001). Also, MK‐7 administration led to significant declines in serum triglyceride (p = .003) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT; p = .03) levels, free androgen index (p < .001), waist circumference (p = .03), and body fat mass (p < .001) as well as significant increases in skeletal muscle (p < .001) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG, p < .001).

Study design

Polycystic ovary syndrome participants were randomized into the control and treatment arms by block randomization with fixed block size of four by means of random allocation software (Saghaei, ). The treatment group consumed one vitamin K2 capsule, containing 90 µg of Menaquinone‐7 (MK‐7), daily for 8 weeks; the dosage was administered in a previous study (Razavi et al., ). Patients in the control group received a placebo capsule (avesil) daily for 8 weeks. The MK‐7 and placebo capsules were identical in color (white), smell, size (size 0), and weight which were prepared for this study by Arian Salamat Sina Company to blind the participants, researchers, and the Infertility Clinic staff to group allocation (Fermented soybean called natto was the food source of MK‐7 used in this study). A booklet containing PCOS dietary recommendation was given to both groups. The participants were requested not to change their regular physical activity level and diet and in the course of study.